centos下推荐使用yum包管理器来安装软件
为yum设置软件源
-
备份
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
-
下载新的CentOS-Base.repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
-
之后运行yum makecache生成缓存
安装企业级linux扩展源epel
yum install -y epel-release
安装webtatic源
对centos系统不太熟练的同学,这里推荐使用webtatic来安装php
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el6/latest.rpm
Nginx安装
-
安装命令
yum install -y nginx
-
配置文件所在目录
/etc/nginx
-
相关命令
service nginx start|stop|status|restart
Mysql5.7安装
推荐使用Percona来安装mysql, 安装或使用过程中遇到的问题请查看本页面的FAQ
-
安装Percona的yum源
yum install http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-release/redhat/0.1-6/percona-release-0.1-6.noarch.rpm
-
测试一下Percona的yum源
yum list | grep percona
你会看到如下:
... Percona-Server-57-debuginfo.x86_64 5.7.10-3.1.el7 @percona-release-x86_64 Percona-Server-client-57.x86_64 5.7.10-3.1.el7 @percona-release-x86_64 Percona-Server-devel-57.x86_64 5.7.10-3.1.el7 @percona-release-x86_64 Percona-Server-server-57.x86_64 5.7.10-3.1.el7 @percona-release-x86_64 Percona-Server-shared-57.x86_64 5.7.10-3.1.el7 @percona-release-x86_64 Percona-Server-shared-compat-57.x86_64 5.7.10-3.1.el7 @percona-release-x86_64 Percona-Server-test-57.x86_64 5.7.10-3.1.el7 @percona-release-x86_64 Percona-Server-tokudb-57.x86_64 5.7.10-3.1.el7 @percona-release-x86_64 ...
-
安装Percona Server
yum install -y Percona-Server-server-57
-
停止mysql服务
service mysql stop
-
取消mysql的严格模式和新增对ngram的支持 修改配置文件
/etc/my.cnf
,在[mysqld]
段中添加sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER ngram_token_size=2
-
启动mysql
service mysql start
-
获取mysql的root账号初始密码的两种方式:
-
直接获取安装时生成的随机密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep "A temporary password" | awk -F " " '{print$11}'
-
使用无密码登陆的方式,修改配置文件
/etc/my.cnf
,在[mysqld]
中添加skip-grant-tables
-
-
测试连接并修改root密码
- 登陆命令
mysql -uroot -p
- 修改root密码
step 1: SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('your new password'); step 2: ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; step 3: flush privileges;
- 登陆命令
-
相关命令
service mysql start|stop|status|restart
Redis安装
-
安装命令
yum install -y redis
-
修改配置文件
vi /etc/redis.conf PS:简单的单机部署只需要把daemonize改为yes即可,更多的配置项请查阅/etc/redis.conf文件
-
启动redis
service redis start
-
测试redis
redis-cli
-
相关命令
service redis start|stop|status|restart
PHP安装
-
安装命令
yum install -y mod_php71w php71w-bcmath php71w-cli php71w-common php71w-dba php71w-devel php71w-embedded php71w-enchant yum install -y php71w-fpm php71w-gd php71w-imap php71w-lda php71w-interbase php71w-intl php71w-ldap php71w-mbstring php71w-mcrypt yum install -y php71w-mysqlnd php71w-odbc php71w-opcache php71w-pdo php71w-pear php71w-pecl-apcu php71w-pecl-imagick yum install -y php71w-pecl-memcached php71w-pecl-mongodb php71w-pecl-redis php71w-pecl-xdebug php71w-pgsql php71w-phpdbg yum install -y php71w-process php71w-pspell php71w-recode php71w-snmp php71w-soap php71w-tidy php71w-xml php71w-xmlrpc
-
启动php-fpm
service php-fpm start
-
php的配置文件
/etc/php.ini /etc/php.d/* /etc/php-fpm.ini /etc/php-fpm.d/*
-
相关命令
service php-fpm start|stop|status|restart
测试lnmpr
-
新建nginx虚拟目录配置文件:vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/test-lnmpr.conf
server { listen 8080; server_name localhost; charset UTF-8; location / { root /var/webroot; index index.php index.html index.htm; } location ~ \.php$ { root /var/webroot; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/webroot/$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } }
-
新建php测试文件: vi /var/webroot/index.php
<?php phpinfo();
-
访问http://ip:8080
FAQ
-
想在测试环境的mysql设置简单密码
- 报错如下:
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
- 解决方法:
修改配置文件
/etc/my.cnf
,在[mysqld]
中添加default_password_lifetime=0 validate_password_length=4 validate_password_policy=LOW
- 报错如下:
-
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el6/latest.rpm 的问题
- 若出现如下错误
14: problem making ssl connection Error: Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo: webtatic
- 解决方法: 修改文件 /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
[epel] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch #baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch failovermethod=priority enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
将enabled=1先改为enabled=0 yum install ca-certificates,安装成功后,将enabled重新改为1,保存后再执行命令
- 若出现如下错误
-
在访问nginx的时候出现超时
- 原因:防火墙阻止访问
- 解决:设置防火墙或关闭防火墙 service iptables stop
-
在访问nginx时出现 403 Forbidden
-
权限问题: 查看nginx.conf的运行用户,把对应项目代码目录的权限要与nginx运行用户的权限一致
-
看一下selinux是否关闭了
//如果SELinux status参数为enabled即为开启状态 /usr/sbin/sestatus -v //临时关闭selinux setenforce 0 //永久关闭selinux step1: 修改/etc/selinux/config 文件 step2: 将SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled step3: 重启机器即可
-